期刊
BIOMARKER INSIGHTS
卷 14, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/1177271919829162
关键词
Biomarkers; cancer; gene knockdown techniques; research fraud; paper mill; salami publication; under-studied gene
资金
- Post-Truth Initiative, a University of Sydney Research Excellence Initiative (SREI 2020)
- US Office of Research Integrity Project [ORIIR180038-01-00]
A major reason for biomarker failure is the selection of candidate biomarkers based on inaccurate or incorrect published results. Incorrect research results leading to the selection of unproductive biomarker candidates are largely considered to stem from unintentional research errors. The additional possibility that biomarker research may be actively misdirected by research fraud has been given comparatively little consideration. This review discusses what we believe to be a new threat to biomarker research, namely, the possible systematic production of fraudulent gene knockdown studies that target under-studied human genes. We describe how fraudulent papers may be produced in series by paper mills using what we have described as a 'theme and variations' model, which could also be considered a form of salami slicing. We describe features of these single-gene knockdown publications that may allow them to evade detection by journal editors, peer reviewers, and readers. We then propose a number of approaches to facilitate their detection, including improved awareness of the features of publications constructed in series, broader requirements to post submitted manuscripts to preprint servers, and the use of semi-automated literature screening tools. These approaches may collectively improve the detection of fraudulent studies that might otherwise impede future biomarker research.
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