The prevalence, awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension among adults: the first cross-sectional national population-based survey in Laos

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the national prevalence of hypertension and its awareness, treatment, and control in Laos. Methods: A national cross-sectional study was conducted in 2013. Using stratified cluster random sampling, 2,543 individuals aged 18-64 years were included from Laos. According to WHO STEPS methodology, questionnaire interview, anthropometric and blood pressure measurements, and biochemistry tests were conducted. Logistic regressions were used to estimate the determinants of hypertension (SBP [and/or DBP] >= 140 [90] mmHg or use of antihypertensive medications). Results: Overall, 20.0% of the population had hypertension, 18.5% among men and 21.1% among women. Among hypertensives, 29.4% were aware, 18.2% were currently using antihypertensive medication, and 16.7% had controlled their blood pressure (<140 mmHg SBP and DBP <90 mmHg). In fully adjusted models in both men and women, older age and general obesity were positively associated with hypertension. In addition, among men having raised cholesterol and completed primary education, and among women central obesity and hazardous or harmful alcohol users were positively associated with hypertension. Conclusion: The study found a significant prevalence of hypertension and low awareness, treatment, and control rates of hypertension among adults in Laos.