期刊
ECOLOGY LETTERS
卷 18, 期 8, 页码 752-760出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.12452
关键词
Apparent competition; apparent mutualism; Astrocaryum standleyanum; Attalea butyracea; Dipteryx oleifera; indirect effects; Janzen-Connell hypothesis; seed predation; shared enemies; tropical forest
类别
资金
- Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute
- Ubbo Emmius Scholarship programme
- University of Groningen
- EU BON (Building the European Biodiversity Observation Network) project
- European Union [308454]
- European Research Council [ERC-2012-StG-310886-HISTFUNC]
The coexistence of numerous tree species in tropical forests is commonly explained by negative dependence of recruitment on the conspecific seed and tree density due to specialist natural enemies that attack seeds and seedlings (Janzen-Connell' effects). Less known is whether guilds of shared seed predators can induce a negative dependence of recruitment on the density of different species of the same plant functional group. We studied 54 plots in tropical forest on Barro Colorado Island, Panama, with contrasting mature tree densities of three coexisting large seeded tree species with shared seed predators. Levels of seed predation were far better explained by incorporating seed densities of all three focal species than by conspecific seed density alone. Both positive and negative density dependencies were observed for different species combinations. Thus, indirect interactions via shared seed predators can either promote or reduce the coexistence of different plant functional groups in tropical forest.
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