期刊
ECOLOGY LETTERS
卷 18, 期 6, 页码 563-571出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.12438
关键词
Birds; diversification rate; diversity; functional diversity; mammals; species traits
类别
资金
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure [1262600] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Division Of Environmental Biology
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1026764] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Regions worldwide differ markedly in species richness. Here, for birds and mammals worldwide, we directly compare four sets of hypotheses regarding geographical richness gradients: (1) evolutionary, emphasising heterogeneity in diversification rates, (2) historical, related to differences in region ages and sizes, (3) energetic, associated with variation in productive or ambient energy and (4) ecological, reflecting differences in ecological niche diversity. Among highly independent regions, or evolutionary arenas', we find that richness is weakly influenced by richness-standardised ecological niche diversity, questioning the significance of ecological constraints for producing large-scale diversity gradients. In contrast, we find strong evidence for the importance of region area and its changes over time, together with a role for temperature. These predictors affect richness predominately directly without concomitant positive effects on diversification rates. This suggests that regional richness is governed by historical and evolutionary processes, which promote region-specific accumulation of diversity through time or following asymmetrical dispersal.
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