期刊
ECOLOGY LETTERS
卷 18, 期 10, 页码 1012-1020出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/ele.12483
关键词
Aquatic insect; ecological resilience; food web; landscape; migration; river network; salmonid; spatial connectivity; subsidy; warming
类别
资金
- Department of Integrative Biology, UC Berkeley
- Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
- National Science Foundation [CZP EAR-1331940]
Animal migrations can link ecosystems across space. We discovered an aquatic insect that migrates between a river mainstem and its tributaries, and provides an important trophic subsidy for tributary predators. A mayfly, Ephemerella maculata, rears in a warm, sunlit productive river mainstem, then migrates as adults to cool, shaded unproductive tributaries where they oviposit and die. This migration tripled insect flux into a tributary for 1month in summer. A manipulative field experiment showed that this E.maculata subsidy nearly tripled the growth of the young of the year steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in the recipient tributary over the summer months, and was more important than terrestrial invertebrate subsidies, which have been considered the primary food source for predators in small, forested creeks. By delivering food subsidies from productive but warming river mainstems to cool but food-limited tributaries, aquatic insect migrations could enhance resilience to cool-water predators in warming river networks.
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