Resting metabolic rate, pulmonary functions, and body composition parameters in children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder

Purpose Several studies of school-aged children with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) have found a higher prevalence of overweight/obesity compared with the general population. However, the scientific literature contains insufficient evidence to establish clear conclusions on pulmonary functions, resting metabolic rate (RMR), and body composition in children with ADHD. This study therefore investigates the pulmonary functions tests (PFTs), RMR, and body composition parameters in children with ADHD and evaluates their quality of life. Methods: Forty children with ADHD and 40 healthy controls participated in the study. The children ' s parents completed Conners ' parent rating scale (CPRS) and the pediatric quality of life (PedsQL), and their teachers completed Conners ' Teacher rating scale (CTRS). The child participants also completed the PedsQL. RMR, PFTs, and body composition parameters were investigated. Results: No significant differences in age, gender, and socioeconomic level were found. All CPRS subscales, except anxiety and psychosomatic conditions, were significantly different (p < 0.05). According to the CTRS, inattentiveness, hyperactivity, and conduct problems were significantly higher in the ADHD group. The results showed that the ADHD group's quality of life is worse than the control group. Body mass index, body composition parameters, RMR, and PFTs were not statistically different between the children with ADHD and the healthy controls. Conclusion: Further studies with complex designs are needed to confirm the results.