Series and Parallel Module Design for Large-Area Perovskite Solar Cells

Organometal halide perovskites have exhibited a bright future as photovoltaic semiconductor in next-generation solar cells because of their unique and promising physicochemical properties. However, large-area perovskite solar cells (PSCs) have suffered from problems of low efficiency with large active area and output module designing. Herein, we research the influence of the length and width on output performance when device areas are increased and design of series and parallel connection for large-area PSC modules. The results show that high efficiencies of 19.52 and 18.65% are obtained for single solar cell of areas of 0.1 and 1.0 cm(2), respectively. When the device area is increased, increasing the length of the device can achieve a higher efficiency than increasing the width for single PSCs. By comparing series and parallel connection mode, we found that first series and then parallel perovskite module is the best way to obtain a high power output. The design research for perovskite modules offers direction for PSC modules in future applications.