Effects of Probiotic Use on Bacterial Translocation in Created Rat Models with Biliary Obstructions

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of the combined use of probiotic strains on the development of bacterial translocation in addition to liver and intestinal tissue damage due to biliary obstruction in rats. Materials and Methods: Here, 3 groups each consisting of 10 rats were created: group 1 (sham group), group 2 (obstructive jaundice), and group 3 (obstructive jaundice+ probiotic). Groups 1 and 2 were given 1 cc physiological saline solution by oral gavage twice a day; group 3 was given a probiotic solution that included Lactobacillus acidophilus, Lactobacillus rhamnosus, Bifidobacterium bifidum, Enterococcus faecium, and Bifidobacterium longum microorganisms by oral gavage twice a day. Results: Markers for liver damage were also found to be significantly improved (p<0.05) in the treatment group (group 3). Whencompared with groups 2 and 3 in terms of liver histology, damage was found to be significantly more severe in group 2 (p< 0.01). With regard to ileal villous depth and ileal inflammation, the pathology was found to be significantly more severe in group 2 than that in group 3 (p<0.05). In blood, spleen, and mesenteric lymph node cultures, group 2 showed a microbiological growth rate of 33.8-58.8%, whereas group 3 showed a microbiological growth rate of 14.3-28.6%. This reduction was evaluated to be statistically significant (p< 0.05). Conclusion: Our study showed that the combined use of a probiotic in bile duct obstructions reduced bacterial translocation and alleviated pathological changes arising in the liver and terminal ileum histology.