期刊
JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL SOCIETY INTERFACE
卷 14, 期 137, 页码 -出版社
ROYAL SOC
DOI: 10.1098/rsif.2017.0780
关键词
molecular dynamics; coupled dynamics; flow shear stress; glycocalyx; endothelial cells
资金
- UK Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council under the project 'UK Consortium on Mesoscale Engineering Sciences (UKCOMES)' [EP/L00030X/1]
- Dean's Prize Scholarship from the Faculty of Engineering Sciences, University College London
- EPSRC [EP/L00030X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council [EP/L00030X/1] Funding Source: researchfish
The glycocalyx has a prominent role in orchestrating multiple biological processes occurring at the plasma membrane. In this paper, an all-atom flow/glycocalyx system is constructed with the bulk flow velocity in the physiologically relevant ranges for the first time. The system is simulated by molecular dynamics using 5.8 million atoms. Flow dynamics and statistics in the presence of the glycocalyx are presented and discussed. Complex dynamic behaviours of the glycocalyx, particularly the sugar chains, are observed in response to blood flow. In turn, the motion of the glycocalyx, including swing and swirling, disturbs the flow by altering the velocity profiles and modifying the vorticity distributions. As a result, the initially one-dimensional forcing is spread to all directions in the region near the endothelial cell surface. Furthermore, the coupled dynamics exist not only between the flow and the glycocalyx but also within the glycocalyx molecular constituents. Shear stress distributions between one-dimer and three-dimer cases are also conducted. Finally, potential force transmission pathways are discussed based on the dynamics of the glycocalyx constituents, which provides new insight into the mechanism of mechanotransduction of the glycocalyx. These findings have relevance in the pathologies of glycocalyx-related diseases, for example in renal or cardiovascular conditions.
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