期刊
ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE
卷 12, 期 5, 页码 1550-1557出版社
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c8ee03632b
关键词
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资金
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University [1-ZE6G]
- Innovation and Technology Commission (ITF Project) of Hong Kong SAR [ITS/029/17]
- Key Project for Basic Research of Shenzhen [JCYJ20170818104125570]
- Hong Kong Research Grants Council through the Early Career Scheme [25301617]
- Hong Kong Polytechnic University grant [1-ZE6G]
There has been increasing evidence that ether-based electrolytes offer more stable anode performance in sodium ion batteries, even for microsized alloy electrodes which suffer huge volume change upon charge/discharge cycling. It is speculated that ether-based electrolytes may give rise to more robust solid electrolyte interphases (SEIs), but the detailed mechanism remains unknown, due to the structural complexity and the extremely vulnerable nature of SEIs. In this work, we unveil the characteristic SEI structure at Sn electrode surfaces in both carbonate-and ether-based electrolytes. We adopt cryogenic transmission electron microscopy to probe the pristine SEI structure, in combination with X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory calculations. An ultrathin SEI forms in the ether-based electrolyte, with amorphous particles dispersed in the polymer-like matrix. This unique nanostructure exhibits superior mechanical elasticity and renders anomalous stability against the large volume change of alloy electrodes, as evidenced by both electrochemistry measurement and atomic force microscopy. Our work unravels the causes for the superiority of ether-based electrolytes in sodium-ion batteries, and we expect the potential of such an optimized SEI to enable the application of high-capacity anodes such as microsized alloys.
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