Combining Theories of Change and Realist Evaluation in practice: Lessons from a research on evaluation study

A rapidly growing range of studies apply Theories of Change or Realist Evaluation approaches to get to grips with complex causal processes. Each methodology has been criticised in terms of practicality, usefulness and theoretical difficulties. The hypothesis that combining the two approaches could overcome some of these problems and generate deeper learning has been put forward, but there have been no published assessments of the combined methodology. This article provides findings from an evaluation of community participation policy and practice, which specifically aimed to utilise and evaluate the application of the two approaches within one study. It suggests that there are still challenges in applying Theories of Change and Realist Evaluation approaches, but they can be practically employed together, and that this synthesis can partially overcome the critiques of each individual methodology.