期刊
FRONTIERS IN SYSTEMS NEUROSCIENCE
卷 13, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/fnsys.2019.00030
关键词
parallel fiber; faciliatation; replenishment; release probability; vesicle pools; residual calcium; synaptotagmin 7; Munc13
资金
- German Research Foundation (Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG) [SCHM1838/2]
- DFG
- University of Leipzig
Parallel fiber (PF) synapses show pronounced and lasting facilitation during bursts of high-frequency activity. They typically connect to their target neurons via a single active zone (AZ), harboring few release sites (similar to 2-8) with moderate initial vesicular release probability (similar to 0.2-0.4). In light of these biophysical characteristics, it seems surprising that PF synapses can sustain facilitation during high-frequency periods of tens of action potentials (APs). Recent findings suggest an increase in the number of occupied release sites due to ultra-rapid (similar to 180 s(-1)), Ca2+ dependent recruitment of synaptic vesicles (SVs) from replenishment sites as major presynaptic mechanism of this lasting facilitation. On the molecular level, Synaptotagmin 7 or Munc13s have been suggested to be involved in mediating facilitation at PF synapses. The recruitment of SVs from replenishment sites appears to be reversible on a slower time-scale, thereby, explaining that PF synapses rapidly depress and ultimately become silent during low-frequency activity. Hence, PF synapses show high-frequency facilitation (HFF) but low-frequency depression (LFD). This behavior is explained by regulation of the number of occupied release sites at the AZ by AP frequency.
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