Social Problems and Coping Mechanisms in Families of Children with Special Needs

This qualitative descriptive study aims to determine the problems in social relations faced by families with special needs regarding their children's impairment, and to examine the ways to cope with these problems. The study was conducted in April 2018, Malatya, Turkey. The study sample included 6 mothers and 4 fathers, and 2 focus group interviews were performed with them. Data were analyzed using descriptive analysis techniques. The themes determined were: (1) Social exclusion and isolation and (2) coping mechanisms. 7 sub-categories were identified under social exclusion and isolation. Some of these categories included lack of social acceptance and support, being perceived as an infectious disease and stigmatization/labeling. Furthermore, 4 sub-categories were identified under coping mechanisms: Establishment of association; socialization with other families who have children with special needs; trying to be invisible in public places and religious values. The families should be supported through multi-faceted social programs to cope with social isolation and exclusion.