期刊
JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL QUALITY
卷 48, 期 5, 页码 1167-1175出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.2134/jeq2019.02.0054
关键词
-
资金
- National Key Research and Development Program of China [2017YFD0200200/2017 YFD0200202]
In the last decade, crop production in China has dramatically improved due to greater phosphorus (P) input. As P fertilizer application rates increased from 88 to 123 kg P2O5 ha(-1) yr(-1) during 2004 to 2014, total P use efficiency (total P output in crops as a percentage of total P input) dropped from 68 to 20%, leading to an accumulation of >90 kg P2O5 ha(-1) in the soil each year. Phosphorus lost from agriculture is the second greatest contributor to waterbody eutrophication in China, accounting for 25% of total P losses in 2010; the main contributor is livestock husbandry. Given these problems, as well as the finite nature of P reserves, three strategies are proposed here to reduce P fertilizer application rates, improve P use efficiency, and minimize the environmental risk caused by P loss in China: (i) improving soil legacy P utilization by modifying cropping systems, rhizosphere management, or microbial engineering, (ii) increasing P use efficiency by reducing P fertilizer applications and minimizing P fertilizer fixation, and (iii) promoting the extension of soil P management strategies. For these management strategies to succeed in China, close cooperation should be established among farmers, scientists, and governments in the future.
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