期刊
JOURNAL OF PORPHYRINS AND PHTHALOCYANINES
卷 21, 期 4-6, 页码 239-256出版社
WORLD SCIENTIFIC PUBL CO PTE LTD
DOI: 10.1142/S1088424617300014
关键词
Photodynamic therapy; photosensitizer-folate conjugates; photosensitizer-peptide conjugates; nanoparticles; polymeric micelles; liposomes; gold nanoparticles; quantum dots
资金
- University of Padova and Italian Association for Cancer Research [15764]
This review briefly summaries the principles and mechanisms of action of photodynamic therapy (PDT) as concerns its application in the oncological field, highlighting its drawbacks and some of the strategies that have been or are being explored to overcome them. The major aim is to increase the efficiency and selectivity of the photosensitizer (PS) uptake in the cancer cells for optimizing the PDT effects on tumors while sparing normal cells. Some attempts to achieve this are based on the conjugation of the PS to biomolecules (small ligands, peptides) functioning as carriers with the ability to efficiently penetrate cells and/or specifically recognize and bind proteins/receptors overexpressed on the surface of cancer cells. Alternatively, the PS can be entrapped in nanocarriers derived from various types of materials that can target the tumor by exploiting the enhanced permeability and retention (EPR) effects. The use of nanocarriers is particularly attractive because it allows the simultaneous delivery of more than one drug with the possibility of combining PDT with other therapeutic modalities.
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