Resveratrol restores the level of key inflammatory cytokines and RANKL/OPG ratio in the femur of rat osteoporosis model

Resveratrol's effect on bone mineral density (BMD) and expression of cytokines in ovariectomized rats (postmenopausal osteoporosis model) was studied. The study was conducted on 3-month-old Sprague-Dawley rats that were (a) sham-operated, (b) ovariectomized, (c) ovariectomized and treated with beta-estradiol (487.5 mu g/kg weight/day), and (d) ovariectomized and treated with resveratrol (625 mu g/Kg body weight/day). The treatment was for 4 weeks. After sacrifice BMD and gene expression (RANKL, OPG, IL-23, and IL-17A, IL-1 beta, and TNF alpha) were measured in tibia and femur respectively. Resveratrol could restore RANKL/OPG ratio, slightly increase BMD, and moderately but significantly reduce IL-23, IL-17A, IL-1 beta, and TNF-alpha cytokine expression levels.