期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF WILDLAND FIRE
卷 28, 期 10, 页码 726-737出版社
CSIRO PUBLISHING
DOI: 10.1071/WF18200
关键词
bioassays; ecotoxicology; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH); wildfire impacts
类别
资金
- Swansea University College of Science PhD studentship
- Leverhulme Trust Research Fellowship [REF-2016-456\2]
- Ser Cymru Fellowship - European Union's 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant [663830]
- Natural Environment Research Council (NERC) [NE/R011125/1]
- Cross-Research in Environmental Technologies (CRETUS) strategic group (Conselleria de Educacion) [2018-PG100]
- NERC [NE/R011125/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- Natural Environment Research Council [NE/R011125/1] Funding Source: researchfish
It is well established in the world's fire-prone regions that wildfires can considerably change the hydrological dynamics of freshwater catchments. Limited research, however, has focused on the potential impacts of wildfire ash toxicity on aquatic biota. Here, we assess the chemical composition and toxicity of ash generated from wildfires in six contrasting vegetation types distributed globally (UK grassland, Spanish pine forest, Spanish heathland, USA chaparral, Australian eucalypt forest and Canadian spruce forest). Acute (48 h) immobilisation tests were conducted on the extensively studied aquatic macroinvertebrate Daphnia magna, a sensitive indicator of aquatic contaminants. We found significant differences between the chemical composition and toxicity of these ash types. The UK and Spanish ash had no detectable toxicity to Daphnia magna, whereas the Australian eucalypt, USA chaparral and Canadian spruce ash all caused significant toxicity (immobilisation). The principal characteristics of the latter ash types were their high pH, and NO3-, Cl- and conductivity levels. Elevated water-soluble and total concentrations of metals (e.g. Mn, Fe, Zn, Pb, Cu and As) and total polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) were not linked to toxicity.
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