Cytotoxic Naphthoquinone and Azaanthraquinone Derivatives from an Endophytic Fusarium solani

Bioactivity-guided fractionation of the ethyl acetate extract obtained from the culture of the endophytic fungus Fusarium solani resulted in the isolation of one new naphthoquinone, 9-desmethylherbarine (1), and two azaanthraquinone derivatives, 7-desmethylscorpinone (2). and 7-desmethyl-6-methylbostrycoidin (3), along with four known compounds. Their structures were elucidated by spectral analysis, as well as a direct comparison of spectral data with those of known compounds. Azaanthraquinones 2 and 3 showed cytotoxic activity against four human tumor cell lines, MDA MB 231, MIA PaCa2, HeLa, and NCI H1975. A molecular docking study suggested DNA interactions as the mode of action of these Fusarium naphthoquinones and azaanthraquinones.