Hyperparameter optimization in learning systems

While the training parameters of machine learning models are adapted during the training phase, the values of the hyperparameters (or meta-parameters) have to be specified before the learning phase. The goal is to find a set of hyperparameter values which gives us the best model for our data in a reasonable amount of time. We present an integrated view of methods used in hyperparameter optimization of learning systems, with an emphasis on computational complexity aspects. Our thesis is that we should solve a hyperparameter optimization problem using a combination of techniques for: optimization, search space and training time reduction. Case studies from real-world applications illustrate the practical aspects. We create the framework for a future separation between parameters and hyperparameters in adaptive P systems.