期刊
PREVENTIVE MEDICINE REPORTS
卷 16, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.pmedr.2019.100994
关键词
HIV-1; AIDS; Incidence; Surveillance; Early diagnosis; Japan
资金
- Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare (MHLW) of Japan (Health and Labor Sciences Research Grants) [H29-AIDS-Ippan-005, H26-AIDS-Seisaku-Ippan-002, H28-Shinko-Gyosei-Ippan-006]
- Japan Agency for Medical Research and Development (AMED) [JP18fk0410011, JP18fk0410003, JP18fk0108049, JP18jk0210002, JP18kk0205011]
The first step of the UNAIDS/WHO 90-90-90 targets to encourage early diagnosis with treatment for the control of HIV-1 epidemic is to achieve 90% HIV-1 diagnosis in infected individuals. In Japan, approximately 30% of newly reported cases have been annually identified by AIDS onset, implying that substantial numbers of HIV-1-infected individuals remain undiagnosed. However, the proportion of undiagnosed cases has not yet been determined. In the present study, the proportion of recent HIV-1 infections to newly-diagnosed cases was determined from 2006 to 2015 using a recent infection assay for three metropolitan areas in Japan: Tokyo, Osaka, and Fukuoka. Estimated median periods between infection and diagnosis were 1.0, 1.8, and 2.9 years for Tokyo, Osaka, and Fukuoka, respectively. Estimation of annual HIV-1 incidence by a back-calculation method using these data as well as HIV/AIDS national surveillance data indicated proportions of undiagnosed to new HIV-1 infections from 2006 to 2015 to be 18% in Tokyo, 22% in Osaka, 38% in Fukuoka, and 28% in Japan. This is the first report estimating HIV-1 incidence in Japan using a serological biomarker in combination with national HIV/AIDS surveillance data.
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