Heat transfer enhancement in single circular impingement jet by CuO-water nanofluid

A solo passive heat transfer enhancement technique represented by nanoparticle additives was embraced in this study due to the nanofluid technology potentials. A single circular jet (3 mm diameter) was used at Reynold number range of (1000-8000) with nozzle-to-jet Distance (Z) varied from 40 to 70 mm. Validation was conducted prior to commence the experimental tests and an accepted deviations were detected. The obtained outcomes showed the potential of CuO-water nanofluid to improve the heat transfer remarkably. Such enhancement increase as both Reynold number and volume fraction increase. Moreover, the Nozzle-to-target plate distance has the dominant effect over the volume fraction effect. Where the heat transfer decreases as the nozzle-to-target plate (Z) increase even if the volume fraction increase. Eventually, the maximum enhancement in Nusselt number was 2.9% and minimum enhancement was about 0.87%.