Immunology Behind Tumors: A Mini Review

Background: The immune system is designed with great care to distinguish self from non-self, as exhibited by immune responses to different pathogens. Furthermore, the immune system has the capacity to distinguish between self from altered self in case of autoimmune diseases like cancer. Developing tumors bypass the immune system mechanism which restrains self-reactive responses. Immunotherapy is a coherent means since the immune system can eliminate a number of antigens derived from the genetic constitution of B and T lymphocytes. Our understanding of the immune system has developed a great deal. Conclusion: This review is focused not only on the mechanism by which the immune system protects us but also on the ways in which it can inflict the body and how to modulate it with therapy. Thus, understanding the interaction of a tumor with the immune system provides insights into mechanisms that can be utilized to elicit anti-tumor immune responses. Here, we have recapitulated the function of the tumor microenvironment and immune checkpoints.