Adding value to natural clays as low-cost adsorbents of methylene blue in polluted water through honeycomb monoliths manufacture

A natural Moroccan illite-smectite was used as an adsorbent for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. The clay was characterized by FTIR spectroscopy, TGA, SEM-EDS, X-ray fluorescence, XRD and N-2 physisorption. The influence of pH, temperature and time on the MB adsorption by the clay was investigated. The maximum equilibrium adsorption capacity was 100 mg g(-1) at 45 degrees C. The kinetic behavior and the isotherms better-fitted with the pseudo-second-order and Langmuir models, respectively. Clay honeycomb monoliths (50 cells cm(-2)) were obtained by means of extrusion from the starting material without any additive except water. The structured filters exhibited better performance under dynamic conditions than the powdered clay, adding value to the application of this low-cost adsorbent.