Association of Atopic Dermatitis with Cardiovascular Risk Factors and Diseases

Epidemiological studies suggested an association between atopic dermatitis (AD) and cardiovascular disease. Therefore, we investigate associations and potential underlying pathways of AD and cardiovascular disease in large cohort studies: the AOK PLUS cohort (n = 1.2 Mio), the GINIplus/LISAplus birth cohorts (n = 2,286), and the Cooperative Health Research in the Region of Augsburg (KORA) F4 cohort (n = 2,990). In addition, metabolomics in KORA F4 and established cardiovascular risk loci in genome-wide data on 10,788 AD cases and 30,047 controls were analyzed. Longitudinal analysis of patients with AD in AOK PLUS showed slightly increased risk for incident angina pectoris (adjusted risk ratio 1.17 [95% confidence interval 1.12-1.23]), hypertension (1.04 [1.02-1.06]), and peripheral arterial disease (1.15 [1.11-1.19]) but not for myocardial infarction (1.05 [0.99-1.12]) and stroke (1.02 [0.98-1.07]). In KORA F4 and GINIplus/LISAplus, AD was not associated with cardiovascular risk factors and no differences in metabolite levels were detected. There was no robust evidence for shared genetic risk variants of AD and cardiovascular disease. This study indicates only a marginally increased risk for angina pectoris, hypertension, and peripheral arterial disease and no increased risk for myocardial infarction or stroke in patients with AD. Relevant associations of AD with cardiovascular risk factors reported in US populations could not be confirmed. Likewise, patients with AD did not have increased genetic risk factors for cardiovascular disease.