期刊
JOURNAL OF INVERTEBRATE PATHOLOGY
卷 148, 期 -, 页码 51-59出版社
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jip.2017.05.002
关键词
Zombie insect; Soldier beetle; Chauliognathus pensylvanicus; Eryniopsis lampyridarum; Pathogen/host interactions
类别
Adult goldenrod soldier beetles, Chauliognathus pensylvanicus, were found infected by the fungus Eryniopsis lampyridarum (Entomophthoromycotina) in Arkansas during September - October (1996, 2001, 2015 and 2016). Living and dead infected beetles were found on flowering frost aster, Symphyotrichum pilosum, common boneset, Eupatorium petfoliatum, and Canada goldenrod, Solidago canadensis. Live and dead beetles (n = 446) were collected in 1996 from S. pilosurn flowers and held individually in the laboratory for determination of fungal prevalence. Of the beetles collected, 281 (63%) were males and 165 (37%) were females. A total of 90 beetles were infected with E. lampyridarum, an overall prevalence of 20.2%. Prevalence in males was 19.6% (n = 55 infected/281 males total) and prevalence in females was 21.2% (n = 35 infected /165 females total). Conidia were produced from 57% of the infected beetles, 23% of the infected beetles produced resting spores, and 20% contained the hyphal body stage. Infected beetles produced either conidia or resting spores but never both in the same host. Post-mortem morphological changes in the hosts due to E. lampyridarum were observed periodically for 24 h. Shortly before death, by unknown mechanisms, dying infected beetles tightly clamped their mandibles into flower heads and ca. 15-22 h later (between 2400 and 0700 h) the fungus caused dead beetles to raise their elytra and expand their metathoracic wings.
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