期刊
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL
卷 887, 期 2, 页码 -出版社
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.3847/1538-4357/ab480f
关键词
galaxies: evolution; galaxies: formation; galaxies: high-redshift
资金
- World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI Initiative), MEXT, Japan
- KAKENHI through the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) [15H02064, 16J02344, 17H01110, 17H01111, 17H01114]
- NAOJ ALMA Scientific Research grant [2017-06B]
- Munich Institute for Astro-and Particle Physics (MIAPP) of the DFG cluster of excellence Origin and Structure of the Universe
- ALMA Japan Research Grant of NAOJ Chile Observatory [NAOJ-ALMA-197]
- 2018 Graduate Research Abroad in Science Program Grant (GRASP2018)
- Hayakawa Satio Fund - Astronomical Society of Japan
- ERC Advanced Grant INTERSTELLAR H2020 [740120]
- COSMIC ISM [321302]
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16J02344, 17H01111] Funding Source: KAKEN
- European Research Council (ERC) [740120] Funding Source: European Research Council (ERC)
We report the discovery of 10 kpc [C II] 158 mu m halos surrounding star-forming galaxies in the early universe. We choose deep Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array data for 18 galaxies, each with a star formation rate of similar or equal to 10-70 M-circle dot with no signature of an active galactic nucleus whose [C II] lines are individually detected at z = 5.153-7.142, and we conduct stacking of the [C II] lines and dust continuum in the uv-visibility plane. The radial profiles of the surface brightnesses show a 10 kpc scale [C II] halo at the 9.2 sigma level, significantly more extended than the Hubble Space Telescope stellar continuum data by a factor of similar to 5 on the exponential-profile basis, as well as the dust continuum. We compare the radial profiles of [C II] and Ly alpha halos universally found in star-forming galaxies at this epoch, and we find that the scale lengths agree within the 1 sigma level. While two independent hydrodynamic zoom-in simulations match the dust and stellar continuum properties, the simulations cannot reproduce the extended [C II] line emission. The existence of the extended [C II] halo is evidence of outflow remnants in the early galaxies and suggests that the outflows may be dominated by cold-mode outflows expelling the neutral gas.
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