A Dual-Mode Energy Management Strategy Considering Fuel Cell Degradation for Energy Consumption and Fuel Cell Efficiency Comprehensive Optimization of Hybrid Vehicle

The energy management strategy is the key to achieve fuel cell hybrid system operation with high-efficiency and low-energy cost. The widely used energy management strategies are established based on the fixed models of power sources energy consumption and efficiency. However, due to the gradual performance degradation of the fuel cell during the service period, some model parameters will change significantly and the fixed models will become increasingly inaccurate over time. Therefore, this paper established time-varying models of power sources energy consumption and efficiency by introducing the fuel cell degradation rate. On this basis, in order to reduce the energy consumption of the system, improve the fuel cell efficiency and relatively maintain the SOC level, a novel dual-mode energy management strategy, DMDEE, for hybrid vehicles was proposed. In order to improve the online operation speed of proposed energy management strategy, the optimal control rules were obtained by offline calculation first. Then through comparison experiments with other two energy management strategies, PMP and PF, it was verified that the proposed strategy can effectively reduce the system energy consumption and improve the efficiency of the fuel cell system, meanwhile could make the SOC regress after its deviating from ideal working area. In addition, the mode switching hysteresis control was also validated. Therefore, the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed energy management strategy in this paper has been verified.