期刊
CHILD DEVELOPMENT
卷 91, 期 5, 页码 1745-1761出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/cdev.13329
关键词
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资金
- U.K. Medical Research Council (UKMRC) [G1002190]
- U.S. National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD) [HD077482]
- Jacobs Foundation
- NICHD [T32-HD007376]
- ESRC [ES/S012567/1] Funding Source: UKRI
- MRC [MR/P014100/1, G1002190] Funding Source: UKRI
This study tested implications of new genetic discoveries for understanding the association between parental investment and children's educational attainment. A novel design matched genetic data from 860 British mothers and their children with home-visit measures of parenting: the E-Risk Study. Three findings emerged. First, both mothers' and children's education-associated genetics, summarized in a genome-wide polygenic score, were associated with parenting-a gene-environment correlation. Second, accounting for genetic influences slightly reduced associations between parenting and children's attainment-indicating some genetic confounding. Third, mothers' genetics were associated with children's attainment over and above children's own genetics, via cognitively stimulating parenting-an environmentally mediated effect. Findings imply that, when interpreting parents' effects on children, environmentalists must consider genetic transmission, but geneticists must also consider environmental transmission.
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