期刊
COGNITION
卷 194, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.cognition.2019.104054
关键词
Fluency; Knowledge; Fact checking; Illusory truth
资金
- American Psychological Association
- American Psychological Foundation
- Duke Interdisciplinary Behavioral Research Center
- James S. McDonnell Foundation
- National Science Foundation [1808571]
- Direct For Social, Behav & Economic Scie
- SBE Off Of Multidisciplinary Activities [1808571] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
News stories, advertising campaigns, and political propaganda often repeat misleading claims, increasing their persuasive power. Repeated statements feel easier to process, and thus truer, than new ones. Surprisingly, this illusory truth effect occurs even when claims contradict young adults' stored knowledge (e.g., repeating The fastest land animal is the leopard makes it more believable). In four experiments, we tackled this problem by prompting people to behave like fact checkers. Focusing on accuracy at exposure (giving initial truth ratings) wiped out the illusion later, but only when participants held relevant knowledge. This selective benefit persisted over a delay. Our findings inform theories of how people evaluate truth and suggest practical strategies for coping in a post-truth world.
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