Simultaneous lateral bone augmentation and implant placement using a particulated synthetic bone substitute around chronic peri-implant dehiscence defects in dogs

AimTo determine the histological outcomes when using a highly porous synthetic bone substitute and a cross-linked collagen membrane for lateral bone augmentation of peri-implant dehiscence defects. MethodsIn eight dogs, three treatment groups were randomly allocated at each peri-implant dehiscence defect (mean heightxdepth=3x1mm) as follows: (i) synthetic bone substitute covered by a cross-linked collagen membrane (test group), (ii) deproteinized bovine bone mineral covered by a natural collagen membrane (positive control), and (iii) no treatment (negative control). Two healing periods (8 and 16weeks) were applied. ResultsThe differences in healing outcomes between the test and positive control groups were not significant at 8weeks. Horizontal bone augmentation 2mm below the implant shoulder was significantly greater in the test group (1.220.53mm) than in the positive and negative controls (0.42 +/- 0.51 and 0.36 +/- 0.50mm, respectively) at 16weeks. Similarly, the augmented tissue thickness at 0, 1, and 2mm apical to the implant shoulder was significantly greater in the test group than in the positive control group. ConclusionThe test group showed significantly better histological outcomes for lateral bone augmentation and tissue thickness at 16weeks compared to both the positive and negative control groups.