期刊
JOURNAL OF CLIMATE
卷 30, 期 22, 页码 9119-9131出版社
AMER METEOROLOGICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1175/JCLI-D-16-0825.1
关键词
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资金
- Program for Risk Information on Climate Change (SOUSEI)
- TOUGOU Program
- Social Implementation Program on Climate Change Adaptation Technology of the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Japan
- Joint UK BEIS/Defra Met Office Hadley Centre Climate Program [GA01101]
This paper reports on a new index for low cloud cover (LCC), the estimated cloud-top entrainment index (ECTEI), which is a modification of estimated inversion strength (EIS) and takes into account a cloud-top entrainment (CTE) criterion. Shipboard cloud observation data confirm that the index is strongly correlated with LCC. It is argued here that changes in LCC cannot be fully determined from changes in EIS only, but can be better determined from changes in both EIS and sea surface temperature (SST) based on the ECTEI. Furthermore, it is argued that various proposed predictors of LCC change, including the moist static energy vertical gradient, SST, and midlevel clouds, can be better understood from the perspective of the ECTEI.
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