A 3D Wideband Two-Cluster Channel Model for Massive MIMO Vehicle-to-Vehicle Communications in Semi-Ellipsoid Environments

This paper presents a three dimensional (3D) wideband two-cluster channel model for massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO) vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communications. In the model, we introduce multiple confocal semi-ellipsoid models to depict the distribution of clusters in roadside environments; therefore, the statistical properties for different propagation delays can be derived and investigated. Furthermore, we adopt the birth-death process to simulate the dynamic characteristics of clusters on both the array and time axes, which efficiently characterize the non-stationarity of massive MIMO communication systems. Some comparisons of the spatial cross-correlation functions (CCFs) of propagation links via the two-cluster model with and without the cluster evolution for different taps are made. In addition, we study the temporal auto-correlation functions (ACFs) of the propagation links with respect to the different moving time of the mobile transmitter (MT) and mobile receiver (MR). Simulation results of the statistical channel characteristics nicely match those of the theoretical results, which demonstrate that our model is suitable for describing real massive MIMO V2V communication environments.