期刊
AFRICAN ARCHAEOLOGICAL REVIEW
卷 37, 期 1, 页码 51-67出版社
SPRINGER
DOI: 10.1007/s10437-020-09369-8
关键词
Ethiopia; Eritrea; Spatial archaeology; Aksum; Irrigation; Water management
资金
- University of California, Los Angeles
- Johns Hopkins University
- NASA (ROSES) Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences [NNX13AO48G]
- NASA [NNX13AO48G, 467171] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
For at least four decades, archaeologists have identified irrigation as playing a potentially major role in the rise of Aksumite civilization. Based on a systematic survey covering the area between Aksum and Yeha (Ethiopia), Joseph Michels proposed that large-scale irrigation systems introduced from Southwest Arabia contributed to the rise of Yeha as a major center of Pre-Aksumite civilization. To evaluate spatial patterning of archaeological sites with respect to water availability, this paper reports on results from archaeological survey of a 100 km(2) region surrounding Yeha conducted by the Southern Red Sea Archaeological Histories (SRSAH) Project from 2009 to 2016. The SRSAH Project recorded 84 sites dating from the Pre-Aksumite to the Post-Aksumite periods (c.800 BCE to 900 CE). No ancient irrigation systems were identified and results do not show a correlation between archaeological sites and water resources. This suggests that irrigation was less important than Michels contended and that rainfed agriculture, terraces, and small-scale irrigation comparable with practices evident in the region today were sufficient to sustain ancient populations.
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