期刊
CRITICAL REVIEWS IN BIOCHEMISTRY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY
卷 55, 期 1, 页码 88-110出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/10409238.2020.1742092
关键词
Zinc; homeostasis; transcription factors; transporters; regulation
资金
- NIGMS NIH HHS [R01 GM056285] Funding Source: Medline
Zinc is an essential nutrient for all organisms because this metal serves as a critical structural or catalytic cofactor for many proteins. These zinc-dependent proteins are abundant in the cytosol as well as within organelles of eukaryotic cells such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, Golgi, and storage compartments such as the fungal vacuole. Therefore, cells need zinc transporters so that they can efficiently take up the metal and move it around within cells. In addition, because zinc levels in the environment can vary drastically, the activity of many of these transporters and other components of zinc homeostasis is regulated at the level of transcription by zinc-responsive transcription factors. Mechanisms of post-transcriptional control are also important for zinc homeostasis. In this review, the focus will be on our current knowledge of zinc transporters and their regulation by zinc-responsive transcription factors and other mechanisms in fungi because these organisms have served as useful paradigms of zinc homeostasis in all organisms. With this foundation, extension to other organisms will be made where warranted.
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