期刊
JOURNAL OF BIOCHEMISTRY
卷 163, 期 1, 页码 31-38出版社
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jb/mvx062
关键词
adjuvant; Aureobasidium pullulans; infection; influenza A virus; innate immunity
资金
- Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology
- Ministry of Health, Labour and Welfare of Japan
- GI-CoRE project of Hokkaido University
- JGRID
- JST PRESTO
- Mochida Memorial Foundation
- Japan Diabetes Foundation
- Takeda Science Foundation
- Kao Research Council for the Study of Healthcare Science
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16K08570, 15K08517, 17J01377] Funding Source: KAKEN
Several microbial molecules with pathogen-associated molecular patterns stimulate host innate immune responses. The innate immune system plays a crucial role in activating acquired immune response via cytokine production and antigen presentation. Previous studies have shown that Aureobasidium pullulans-cultured fluid (AP-CF), which contains beta-glucan, exhibits adjuvant activity and renders mice resistance to influenza A virus infection; however, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. In this study, we investigated the innate immune response to AP-CF. We found that intraperitoneal administration of AP-CF increased the serum level of IL-18 and the number of splenic IFN-gamma producing CD4(+) cells during influenza A virus infection. The adjuvant effect of AP-CF was distinct from that of alum, which is known to have the ability to stimulate a Th2 immune response. In addition, AP-CF injection barely increased the number of peritoneal neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages, whereas alum injection markedly increased the number of neutrophils and inflammatory macrophages, suggesting that AP-CF is a weak inducer of inflammation compared to alum. AP-CF induced IL-18 production by DC2.4 cells, a dendritic cell line, and by peritoneal exudate cells that include peritoneal macrophages. Collectively, our findings indicate that AP-CF is an adjuvant that promotes the Th1 response during influenza A virus infection.
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