The impact of some natural phenolic compounds on carbonic anhydrase, acetylcholinesterase, butyrylcholinesterase, and -glycosidase enzymes: An antidiabetic, anticholinergic, and antiepileptic study

Natural products from food and plant sources have been used for medicinal usage for ages. Also, natural products with therapeutic significance are compounds derived from animals, plants, or any microorganism. In this study, chrysin, carvacrol, hesperidin, zingerone, and naringin as natural phenols showed excellent inhibitory effects against human (h) carbonic anhydrase (CA) isoforms I and II (hCA I and II), -glucosidase (-Gly), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE). These phenolic compounds were tested for the inhibition of -glycosidase, hCA I, hCA II, AChE, and BChE enzymes and demonstrated efficient inhibition profiles with K-i values in the range of 3.70 +/- 0.92-79.66 +/- 20.81nM against hCA I, 2.98 +/- 0.33-84.88 +/- 40.32nM against hCA II, 4.93 +/- 2.01-593.60 +/- 134.74nM against -Gly, 0.52 +/- 0.18-46.80 +/- 17.15nM against AChE, and 1.25 +/- 0.22-32.08 +/- 2.68 against BChE.