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B cell memory: building two walls of protection against pathogens

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NATURE REVIEWS IMMUNOLOGY
卷 20, 期 4, 页码 229-238

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NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP
DOI: 10.1038/s41577-019-0244-2

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  1. NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ALLERGY AND INFECTIOUS DISEASES [ZIAAI000898] Funding Source: NIH RePORTER

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Surviving a single infection often results in lifelong immunity to the infecting pathogen. Such protection is mediated, in large part, by two main B cell memory 'walls' - namely, long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells. The cellular and molecular processes that drive the production of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells are subjects of intensive research and have important implications for global health. Indeed, although nearly all vaccines in use today depend on their ability to induce B cell memory, we have not yet succeeded in developing vaccines for some of the world's most deadly diseases, including AIDS and malaria. Here, we describe the two-phase process by which antigen drives the generation of long-lived plasma cells and memory B cells and highlight the challenges for successful vaccine development in each phase. The authors discuss the formation of two main 'walls' of B cell memory to protect against pathogen reinfection. The first wall comprises high-affinity antibodies produced by long-lived plasma cells, while the second wall is formed by memory B cells.

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