期刊
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 3, 期 3, 页码 2695-2707出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b02371
关键词
polymer electrolyte membrane fuel cells; electrospinning; gas diffusion layer; synchrotron X-ray radiography; transport through porous media; renewable energy
资金
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC) Discovery Grants Program
- NSERC Canada Research Chairs Program
- Canada Foundation for Innovation
- Karlsruhe House of Young Scientists (KHYS)
- German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD)
- German Federal Ministry of Education and Research
- Ontario Graduate Scholarship (OGS)
- C. W. Bowman Graduate Scholarship
- Vanier Canada Graduate Scholarship
- Hatch Graduate Scholarship for Sustainable Energy Research
- Pitt Charles Bertram Award
- David Sanborn Scott Fellowship
- OGS
- Friends of Ara Mooradian Scholarship
- William Dunbar Memorial Scholarship in Mechanical Engineering
- Mercedes-Benz Canada Graduate Fellowship in Fuel Cell Research, Ontario Graduate Scholarship
- Bert Wasmund Graduate Fellowship in Sustainable Energy Research
- Pierre Rivard Hydrogenics Graduate Fellowship
- Ron D. Venter Fellowship
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada
- Canadian Institutes of Health Research
- Government of Saskatchewan
- Western Economic Diversification Canada
- University of Saskatchewan
- CLS Post-Doctoral and Graduate Student Travel Support Program
We present electrospinning as a versatile technique to design and fabricate tailored polymer electrolyte membrane (PEM) fuel cell gas diffusion layers (GDLs) with a pore-size gradient (increasing from catalyst layer to flow field) to enhance the high current density performance and water management behavior of a PEM fuel cell. The novel graded electrospun GDL exhibits highly robust performance over a range of inlet gas relative humidities (RH). At relatively dry (50% RH) inlet conditions that exacerbate ohmic losses, the graded GDL lowers ohmic resistance and improves high current density performance compared to a uniform GDL with larger pores and fiber diameters. Specifically, the graded GDL facilitates a beneficial degree of liquid water retention at the catalyst layer/GDL interface due to the high capillary pressure inherent in its microstructure, thereby improving membrane hydration. Additionally, enhanced graphitization and connectivity of the graded electrospun fibers improves heat dissipation from the catalyst layer interface compared to the GDL with larger fiber diameters, thereby reducing membrane dehydration. When the inlet RH is raised to fully humid (100% RH) conditions, the graded GDL mitigates liquid water accumulation and lowers mass transport resistance. Specifically, the pore size gradient directs the removal of liquid water from the GDL, resulting in superior performance at high current densities.
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