期刊
JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY
卷 65, 期 23, 页码 4562-4571出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b00912
关键词
ionic liquids; phytotoxicity; oxidative stress; antioxidant enzyme activity; chlorides; free proline
资金
- Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education for The Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture of West Pomeranian University of Technology [518-07-039-3171-03/18]
- Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences of Jan Dlugosz University in Czestochowa [DS/WMP/6047/2016]
The harmful effect of ionic liquids (ILs) on the environment is one of the important elements of scientific research conducted around the world. This study presents the effect of ionic liquids, containing the asymmetric cations benzyltrimethylammonium chloride [BenzTMA] [Cl] and benzyltriethylammonium chloride [BenzTEA] [Cl], on physiological and biochemical changes in common radish plants and spring barley seedlings. The examined IIs demonstrated low toxicity to higher plants. The compound that exhibited higher phytotoxicity to these plant species was [BenzTMA][Cl], whereas the plant that was more resistant to such ILs was common radish. Both the ionic liquids, particularly at higher concentrations, led to changes in the metabolism of plants, which resulted in a decrease of chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, and carotenoids content. The observed changes were positively correlated with increasing concentrations of the examined ILs in the soil. In the case of spring barley, a decrease in the fresh weight and an increase in the dry weight of the seedlings were also observed. The evidence of oxidative stress occurrence in spring barley was observed due to the accumulation of malondialdehyde and free proline, as well as due to an increase in the activity of catalase and peroxidase. The changes in these biomarkers indicating oxidative stress occurrence in common radish plants were much lower. An increase in the content of chloride ions was observed in both the plants.
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