期刊
ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS
卷 3, 期 4, 页码 3318-3327出版社
AMER CHEMICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b02336
关键词
planar perovskite solar cells; two-step deposition; defect healing; formamidinium iodide; stability
资金
- National Key R&D Program of China [2018YFB1500105]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [61874167, 61674084]
- Fundamental Research Funds for Central Universities of China [91673224, 63181321, 63191414]
- Natural Science Foundation of Tianjin City [17JCYBJC41400]
- Key Laboratory of Optical Information Science & Technology of Ministry of Education of China [2017KFKT014]
- 111 Project [B16027]
- International Cooperation Base, Tianjin International Joint Research and Development Center [2016D01025]
- China Scholarship Council [201503170255]
Photovoltaics based on metal halide perovskites have recently achieved a certificated efficiency of 25.2%. One of the factors that limit further development of these devices comes from the defective boundaries between crystalline domains in perovskite solar cells (PSCs). Such boundaries represent a significant loss channel causing nonradiative recombination, but systematic optimization procedures have not been developed yet to control their properties. Herein, we propose a facile but effective defect healing method to passivate the defects along the grain boundaries in PSCs by post-treatment of formamidinium iodide (FAI) solution in isopropyl alcohol (IPA). We use a combination of methods including space-charge-limited current, steady-state and time-resolved photoluminescence, confocal laser scanning microscopy, and transient absorption spectroscopy to show the reduction of density of defect states in perovskite films processed with 1 mg/mL FAI solution. The resultant FAI healed PSCs achieve an average power conversion efficiency of 19.26% (with a champion efficiency of 20.62%), higher than that of 16.45% in the control cell. FAI healed devices without encapsulation maintain nearly 95% of the initial efficiency after 60-day storage under N-2 environment and nearly 78% of the initial efficiency after 30-day storage under the ambient condition with varied humidity. Our results demonstrate that FAI healing is an effective way to passivate the defect states along grain boundaries for high-efficiency and stable PSCs.
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