期刊
CURRENT PROTEIN & PEPTIDE SCIENCE
卷 16, 期 7, 页码 576-581出版社
BENTHAM SCIENCE PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.2174/1389203716666150630140157
关键词
alpha-Ketoglutarate; glutamate; glutamine; nutrition; physiological; protein synthesis
资金
- National Basic Research Program of China [2013 CB127306, 2012CB126305]
- National Natural Science Foundation Project [31472107]
- Hubei Hundred Talent program
- Hubei Provincial Research and Development Program [2010BB023]
- Natural Science Foundation of Hubei Province [2013CFA097, 2013CFB325, 2012FFB04805, 2011CDA131]
- Texas A&M AgriLife Research [H-8200]
- Chinese Academy of Sciences Hundred Talent award
Alpha-Ketoglutarate (AKG) is a biological substance that plays important roles in cell metabolism and physiology. AKG is synthesized from glucose or oxaloacetate plus pyruvate. As an intermediate of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, AKG is essential for the oxidation of fatty acids, amino acids, and glucose. Extracellular AKG is a significant source of energy for cells of the gastrointestinal tract. As a precursor for the synthesis of glutamate and glutamine in multiple tissues (including liver, skeletal muscle, heart, brain, and white adipose tissue), AKG bridges carbohydrate and nitrogen metabolism for both conservation of amino acids and ammonia detoxification. Additionally, emerging evidence shows that AKG is a regulator of gene expression and cell signaling pathways (including the mammalian target of rapamycin and AMP-activated protein kinase). Thus, AKG is an attractive dietary supplement in animal and human nutrition to improve cellular energy status, immunity, and health.
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