期刊
PHYSICAL REVIEW B
卷 101, 期 23, 页码 -出版社
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevB.101.235309
关键词
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资金
- European Research Council under ERC Advanced Grant [320081]
- European Union's Horizon 2020 Future Emerging Technologies call (FETOPEN-RIA) [736876]
- General Secretariat for Research and Technology
- H.F.R.I. Ph.D. Fellowship Grant [4894]
- NWO-Shell program CSER
- NWO-Physics program Stirring of Light!
- MESA+ Institute for Nanotechnology Applied Nanophotonics (ANP) division
- US Department of Energy, Office of Basic Energy Science, Division of Materials Science and Engineering [DE-AC02-07CH11358]
A three-dimensional (3D) photonic band gap crystal is an ideal tool to completely inhibit the local density of optical states (LDOS) at every position in the crystal throughout the band gap. This notion, however, pertains to ideal infinite crystals, whereas any real crystal device is necessarily finite. This raises the question as to how the LDOS in the gap depends on the position and orientation inside a finite-size crystal. Therefore, we employ rigorous numerical calculations using finite-difference time domain simulations of 3D silicon inverse woodpile crystals filled with air or with toluene, as previously studied in experiments. We find that the LDOS versus position decreases exponentially into the bulk of the crystal. From the dependence on dipole orientation, we infer that the characteristic LDOS decay length l(p). is mostly related to far-field dipolar radiation effects, whereas the prefactor is mostly related to near-field dipolar effects. The LDOS decay length has a remarkably similar magnitude to the Bragg length for directional transport, which suggests that the LDOS in the crystal is dominated by vacuum states that tunnel from the closest interface toward the position of interest. Our work leads to design rules for applications of 3D photonic band gaps in emission control and lighting, quantum information processing, and in photovoltaics.
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