期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RADIATION BIOLOGY
卷 93, 期 9, 页码 851-869出版社
TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/09553002.2017.1332438
关键词
Animal models; anti-emetics; granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; PEGylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor; radiation countermeasures; recombinant hematopoietic growth factors
资金
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [AAI-12044-0000-05000]
- Congressionally Directed Medical Research Programs of U.S. Department of Defense [W81XWH-15-C-0117, JW140032]
- CDMRP [JW140032, 793907] Funding Source: Federal RePORTER
Purpose: The increasing global risk of nuclear and radiological accidents or attacks has driven renewed research interest in developing medical countermeasures to potentially injurious exposures to acute irradiation. Clinical symptoms and signs of a developing acute radiation injury, i.e. the acute radiation syndrome, are grouped into three sub-syndromes named after the dominant organ system affected, namely the hematopoietic, gastrointestinal, and neurovascular systems. The availability of safe and effective countermeasures against the above threats currently represents a significant unmet medical need. This is the first article within a three-part series covering the nature of the radiation sub syndromes, various animal models for radiation countermeasure development, and the agents currently approved by the United States Food and Drug Administration for countering the medical consequences of several of these prominent radiation exposure-associated syndromes. Conclusions: From the U.S. and global perspectives, biomedical research concerning medical countermeasure development is quite robust, largely due to increased government funding following the 9/11 incidence and subsequent rise of terrorist-associated threats. A wide spectrum of radiation countermeasures for specific types of radiation injuries is currently under investigation. However, only a few radiation countermeasures have been fully approved by regulatory agencies for human use during radiological/nuclear contingencies. Additional research effort, with additional funding, clearly will be needed in order to fill this significant, unmet medical health problem.
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