Osteochondral scaffolds based on electrospinning method: General review on new and emerging approaches

The complexity and gradient structure of osteochondral (OC) tissue have become a challenging topic in interfacial tissue engineering (ITE) researches. Various reports have been published about the replaced OC scaffolds prepared by altered techniques; however, electrospinning as an effective method has not been sufficiently reported yet. This general review of the literature is focused on the preclinical studies published about the OC scaffolds prepared by electrospinning method and describing an outline on future directions and challenges. This overview revealed the necessity of additional preclinical studies to develop optimal scaffolds that can effectively replace and treat defected OC tissue. [GRAPHICS] .