期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHARMACEUTICS
卷 529, 期 1-2, 页码 491-505出版社
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.036
关键词
Lecithin-based microemulsions; Tacrolimus; Propylene glycol monocaprylate; Skin irritation potential; Electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy; In vitro release; Tape stripping
资金
- Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development, Republic of Serbia [TR34031]
In order to improve skin penetration of tacrolimus we aimed to develop potentially non-irritant, lecithin-based microemulsions containing ethanol, isopropanol and/or propylene glycol as cosurfactants, varying caprylic/capric triglycerides and propylene glycol monocaprylate as oil phase. The influence of excipients on the size of microemulsion region in pseudo-ternary phase diagrams and their ability to form different types of microemulsions was evaluated. The comprehensive physicochemical characterization of microemulsions and the evaluation of their structure was performed, while the localization of tacrolimus in microemulsions was further investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopy. Moreover, stability studies proved no change in tacrolimus content during one year of storage at room temperature. In addition, in vivo skin performance indicated no skin irritation potential of blank microemulsions, whereas in vitro release testing using Franz diffusion cells showed superior release rate of tacrolimus from microemulsions (0.98 +/- 0.10 and 0.92 +/- 0.11 mu g/cm(2)/h for two bicontinuous and 1.00 +/- 0.24 mu g/cm(2)/h for oil-in-water microemulsion) compared to referent Protopic ointment (0.15 +/- 0.08 mu g/cm(2)/h). Furthermore, ex vivo penetration assessed through porcine ear skin using tape stripping, confirmed superiority of two microemulsions related to the reference, implying developed microemulsions as promising carriers for dermal delivery of tacrolimus. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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