期刊
CURRENT OPINION IN PLANT BIOLOGY
卷 25, 期 -, 页码 53-62出版社
CURRENT BIOLOGY LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.pbi.2015.04.005
关键词
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资金
- Division of Chemical Sciences, Geosciences and Biosciences, Office of Basic Energy Sciences at the US Department of Energy (DOE) [DE-FG02-04ER15542]
- National Science Foundation [IOS-1258018]
- Bill and Melinda Gates Foundation
- National Science Foundation Plant Genome Research Program [IOS-1025976]
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1258018] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Molecular and Cellular Bioscience [1025976] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Three families of transporters have been identified as key players in intercellular transport of sugars: MSTs (monosaccharide transporters), SUTs (sucrose transporters) and SWEETs (hexose and sucrose transporters). MSTs and SUTs fall into the major facilitator superfamily; SWEETs constitute a structurally different class of transporters with only seven transmembrane spanning domains. The predicted topology of SWEETs is supported by crystal structures of bacterial homologs (SemiSWEETs). On average, angiosperm genomes contain similar to 20 paralogs, most of which serve distinct physiological roles. In Arabidopsis, AtSWEET8 and 13 feed the pollen; SWEET11 and 12 provide sucrose to the SUTs for phloem loading; AtSWEET11, 12 and 15 have distinct roles in seed filling; AtSWEET16 and 17 are vacuolar hexose transporters; and SWEET9 is essential for nectar secretion. The remaining family members await characterization, and could play roles in the gametophyte as well as other important roles in sugar transport in the plant. In rice and cassava, and possibly other systems, sucrose transporting SWEETs play central roles in pathogen resistance. Notably, the human genome also contains a glucose transporting isoform. Further analysis promises new insights into mechanism and regulation of assimilate allocation and a new potential for increasing crop yield.
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