期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ONCOLOGY
卷 52, 期 1, 页码 127-138出版社
SPANDIDOS PUBL LTD
DOI: 10.3892/ijo.2017.4183
关键词
ginsenoside Rg3; colorectal cancer; cancer stem cells; tumor angiogenesis; antitumor immunity
类别
资金
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [81472296, 81602091, 81402176, 81402093, 81272542, 81200369]
- Six Major Talent Peak Project of Jiangsu Province [2015-WSN-022]
- Project of Invigorating Health Care through Science, Technology and Education, Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent [QNRC2016709]
- Project of Jiangsu Provincial Commission of Health and Family Planning [H201518]
- Science and Education for Health Foundation of Suzhou for Youth [kjxw2015003]
- Science and Technology Project Foundation of Suzhou [SYS201464, SYS201504]
Anti-angiogenic therapy has been successfully applied to treat colorectal cancer (CRC). Ginsenoside Rg3, derived from the Chinese herb ginseng, has anti-vascularization effects and can inhibit tumor growth and metastasis, and can sensitize cancer cells to chemotherapy. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated whether Rg3 could be appropriate for CRC treatment. Growth of CRC cells was assessed by an MTT (methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium) assay in vitro and using orthotopic xenograft models in vivo. mRNA expression was evaluated using real-time PCR. Protein levels were tested by western blotting, flow cytometry and immunohistochemistry. Migration was determined using a wound-healing assay. Stemness was further confirmed using a plate clone formation assay. We found that Rg3 repressed the growth and stemness of CRC cells both in vitro and in vivo. Rg3 also impaired the migration of CRC cells in vitro. Rg3 down-regulated the expressions of angiogenesis-related genes, and repressed the vascularization of CRC xenografts. In addition, Rg3 strengthened the cytotoxicity of 5-Fluorouracil and oxaliplatin against orthotopic xenografts in vivo. Moreover, Rg3 down-regulated the expressions of B7-H1 and B7-H3, high expressions of which were associated with reduced overall survival (OS) of CRC patients. Hence, Rg3 not only repressed the growth and stemness of CRC cells, but could also remodel the tumor microenvironment through repressing angiogenesis and promoting antitumor immunity. Therefore, Rg3 could be a novel therapeutic for the CRC treatment.
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