期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES
卷 18, 期 10, 页码 -出版社
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/ijms18102034
关键词
atherosclerosis; atherosclerotic immunity; atherosclerotic microenvironment; oxidative stress; macrophage
资金
- Ministry of Science and Technology, Taiwan [103-2314-B-442-002-MY3, 106-2314-B-442-001-MY3]
- Health and Welfare Surcharge of Tobacco Products from Ministry of Health and Welfare, Taiwan [MOHW106-TDU-B-212-144007]
- Show Chwan Memorial Hospital, Taiwan [RB17004, RD106081, RD106082]
- Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital [KMUH105-5R27]
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by the accumulation of lipids, smooth muscle cell proliferation, cell apoptosis, necrosis, fibrosis, and local inflammation. Immune and inflammatory responses have significant effects on every phase of atherosclerosis, and increasing evidence shows that immunity plays a more important role in atherosclerosis by tightly regulating its progression. Therefore, understanding the relationship between immune responses and the atherosclerotic microenvironment is extremely important. This article reviews existing knowledge regarding the pathogenesis of immune responses in the atherosclerotic microenvironment, and the immune mechanisms involved in atherosclerosis formation and activation.
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