期刊
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF METHODS IN PSYCHIATRIC RESEARCH
卷 26, 期 1, 页码 -出版社
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/mpr.1555
关键词
adults; ADHD; attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder; epidemiology
类别
资金
- Eli Lilly and Company
- HealthCore Inc.
- National Institute of Mental Health [R01 MH070884]
- John D. and Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation
- Pfizer Foundation
- US Public Health Service [R13-MH066849, R01-MH069864, R01 DA016558]
- Fogarty International Center [FIRCA R01-TW006481]
- Pan American Health Organization
- Ortho-McNeil Pharmaceutical, Inc.
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- K.G. Jebsen Center for Research on Neuropsychiatric Disorders, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway
- European Union's Seventh Framework Program for research, technological development and demonstration [602805]
- NIMH [R01MH094469]
Although DSM-5 stipulates that symptoms of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are the same for adults as children, clinical observations suggest that adults have more diverse deficits than children in higher-level executive functioning and emotional control. Previous psychometric analyses to evaluate these observations have been limited in ways addressed in the current study, which analyzes the structure of an expanded set of adult ADHD symptoms in three pooled US samples: a national household sample, a sample of health plan members, and a sample of adults referred for evaluation at an adult ADHD clinic. Exploratory factor analysis found four factors representing executive dysfunction/inattention (including, but not limited to, all the DSM-5 inattentive symptoms, with non-DSM symptoms having factor loadings comparable to those of DSM symptoms), hyperactivity, impulsivity, and emotional dyscontrol. Empirically-derived multivariate symptom profiles were broadly consistent with the DSM-5 inattentive-only, hyperactive/impulsive-only, and combined presentations, but with inattention including executive dysfunction/inattention and hyperactivity-only limited to hyperactivity without high symptoms of impulsivity. These results show that executive dysfunction is as central as DSM-5 symptoms to adult ADHD, while emotional dyscontrol is more distinct but nonetheless part of the combined presentation of adult ADHD.
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