期刊
FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
卷 3, 期 -, 页码 -出版社
FRONTIERS MEDIA SA
DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2020.00084
关键词
ectomycorrhizal fungi; Pinus(pine); invasive species; introduced species impacts; carbon and nitrogen cycling
资金
- United States National Science Foundation [1953299, DEB 1554181]
- Ambizione Grant from the Swiss National Science Foundation [PZ00P3_17990]
- United States Department of Energy (DOE) Systems Biology of Microbiomes in Nutrient Cycling award [DE-FOA-0002059]
- DOE Bioimaging Research award [DE-SC0012704]
- Brazilian CNPq [441561/2016-0]
- Brazilian FAPESP [2016-50481-3]
- Office Of Internatl Science &Engineering
- Office Of The Director [1953299] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
Introductions and invasions by fungi, especially pathogens and mycorrhizal fungi, are widespread and potentially highly consequential for native ecosystems, but may also offer opportunities for linking microbial traits to their ecosystem functions. In particular, treating ectomycorrhizal (EM) invasions, i.e., co-invasions by EM fungi and their EM host plants, as natural experiments may offer a powerful approach for testing how microbial traits influence ecosystem functions. Forests dominated by EM symbiosis have unique biogeochemistry whereby the secretions of EM plants and fungi affect carbon (C) and nutrient cycling; moreover, particular lineages of EM fungi have unique functional traits. EM invasions may therefore alter the biogeochemistry of the native ecosystems they invade, especially nitrogen (N) and C cycling. By identifying response traits that favor the success of fungi in introductions and invasions (e.g., spore dispersal and germination) and their correlations with effect traits (e.g., nutrient-cycling enzymes) that can alter N and C cycling (and affect other coupled elemental cycles), one may be able to predict the functional consequences for ecosystems of fungal invasions using biogeochemistry models that incorporate fungal traits. Here, we review what is already known about how EM fungal community composition, traits, and ecosystem functions differ between native and exotic populations, focusing on the example of EM fungi associated with species ofPinusintroduced from the Northern into the Southern Hemisphere. We develop hypotheses on how effects of introduced and invasive EM fungi may depend on interactions between soil N availability in the exotic range and EM fungal traits. We discuss how such hypotheses could be tested by utilizingPinusintroductions and invasions as a model system, especially when combined with controlled laboratory experiments. Finally, we illustrate how ecosystem modeling can be used to link fungal traits to their consequences for ecosystem N and C cycling in the context of biological invasions, and we highlight exciting avenues for future directions in understanding EM invasion.
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